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Nicotiana glauca

Graham (1828)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Genus: Nicotiana

mākāhala [makahala], mustard tree, paka, tree tobacco, wild tobacco

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs or small spindly trees, glabrous except for corolla tube.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades ovate to ovate–lanceolate, 4–10 cm long, 2–8 cm wide. Apex obtuse to broadly acuminate. Base obtuse. Surfaces glabrous, glaucous. Margins entire. Petioles terete (cylindrical), 1–6 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in short, dense, terminal panicles, pedicels up to 15 mm long, bracts lanceolate, 2–7 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic, pedicellate. Calyx 5-lobed, partly accrescent, usually 7–14 mm long, the lobes narrowly elliptic, connate ca. ¾ their length, intersepalar membrane inconspicuous. Corolla tube 20–40 mm long, 3–4 mm wide at apex of calyx,the tube proper narrower than throat cylinder, throat cup symmetrical, yellow or yellowish, corolla limb 9–13 mm in diameter, remaining open in daylight, the lobes obtuse, connate most of their length, 5-lobed, partly accrescent. Stamens equal or nearly so; filaments inserted in lower ½ of tube, 20–30 mm long, Stamens 5; Stamens 5, variously inserted on corolla tube; anthers dithecal, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary superior, 2-celled, placentation axile; ovules numerous; style 1, slender; stigma capitate, slightly 2-lobed.

Fruit: Capsules ovoid–ellipsoid to nearly subglobose; equalling or shorter than calyx; 7–13 mm long. Seeds numerous; reniform to oblong–reniform; 0.5–0.9 mm long; seed coat honeycombed or with wrinkles.

Ploidy: 2n = 24; 36; 48

Habitat: Naturalized in open; arid; disturbed sites.

Elevation Range: 3–350 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Kaho'olawe Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Edinburgh New Philos. J. 5: 175 (1828)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1260 (O, L, M, Ka); Wagner & Herbst 1995:26 (H); Oppenheimer 2003:25 (Mo); Staples & Herbst 2005:528 (KEY), 540 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Nicotiana glauca First cove west of Puu Koae having a small sand beach and a brackish pond at the base of a dry waterfall Prosopis, Xanthium, Merremia, Dactyloctenium, Chenopodium album, Heteropogon contortus Preserved_Specimen Clarke, G. 392 Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-22
2 Nicotiana glauca Honolulu, north of Ala Moana Park sand dredged from Kewalo Basin Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. Oahu BISH 1937-05-25
3 Nicotiana glauca Former Naval Air Station Barbers Point, Southern Trap & Skeet Range On South edge of Tripoli Road outside of mowed area. Under Prosopis pallida. With Megathyrsus maximus and Leucaena leucocephala. Preserved_Specimen BISH staff 85 Oahu BISH 2021-05-17
4 Nicotiana glauca Honolulu, SE part of Sand Island Near the shore on waste ground Preserved_Specimen Mäkinen, L. 66270 Oahu BISH 1966-02-02
5 Nicotiana glauca Keekeeia Ulupalakua rocky slope of aa lava at roadside with Lantana, Opuntia Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Maui BISH 1954-12-22
6 Nicotiana glauca Diamond Head Crater moist flat bottom Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10545 Oahu BISH 1930-05-10
7 Nicotiana glauca Diamond Head Crater moist flat bottom Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10545 Oahu BISH 1930-05-10
8 Nicotiana glauca District of North Kona; Mamalahoa Hwy near mile 28 roadside with castor bean and fountain grass Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 2280 Hawaii BISH 1987-08-06
9 Nicotiana glauca Kaunakakai, near the harbor Roadside. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 70113 Molokai BISH 2001-07-14
10 Nicotiana glauca Waipahu Cultural Gardens, 94-695 Waipahu St full sun Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 2106 Oahu BISH 1986-03-10
11 Nicotiana glauca Diamond Head Crate Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 1443 Oahu BISH 1931-01-22
12 Nicotiana glauca vacant lot along Hwy 31 near Kihei Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 894 Maui BISH 1971-10-23
13 Nicotiana glauca Mountain E end Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 258 Lanai BISH 1913-06-01
14 Nicotiana glauca Diamond Head crater Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 1477 Oahu BISH 1931-01-22
15 Nicotiana glauca Bordering west side of LZ-1. UTM coordinates 752300-2275800 Preserved_Specimen Warren, S. 5 Kahoolawe BISH 1987-04-09
16 Nicotiana glauca Ala Wai Boulevard Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. 256 Oahu BISH 1932-09-22
17 Nicotiana glauca South rim of [Diamond Head] Crater - lowest area. Dry exposed hillside overlooking ocean. Assoc. w/ Euphorbia, Waltheria, Heteropogon, Sida, Bidens, Acacia farnesiana, Leucena. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 461 Oahu BISH 1967-04-24
18 Nicotiana glauca Ala Wai Boulevard Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. 256 Oahu BISH 1932-09-22
19 Nicotiana glauca Edge of wind-swept upper plateau Preserved_Specimen Bryan Jr., E.H. 716 Kahoolawe BISH 1931-02-13
20 Nicotiana glauca Honolulu, Waikiki, Kalakaua Avenue Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 2550 Oahu BISH 1909-04-01
21 Nicotiana glauca Puhielelu Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 246 Lanai BISH 1913-11-18
22 Nicotiana glauca Diamond Head crater Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 1339 Oahu BISH 1930-05-11
23 Nicotiana glauca Gulch below Diamond Head Light Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 68 Oahu BISH 1919-11-11
24 Nicotiana glauca Molokini Islet; inner slope Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1240 Maui BISH 1982-02-14
25 Nicotiana glauca Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. Oahu BISH 1989-03-27
26 Nicotiana glauca Honolulu, Kakaako Preserved_Specimen Wilder, G.P. Oahu BISH 1930-11-23
27 Nicotiana glauca Honolulu, Moanalua Ridge Preserved_Specimen Clagg Oahu BISH 1964-01-01
28 Nicotiana glauca [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; O`ahu; Hawai`i; Honolulu] Preserved_Specimen Oahu BISH 1958-05-03
29 Nicotiana glauca unknown Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 296 BISH 1864-01-01
30 Nicotiana glauca Diamond Head; empty lot along Diamond Head road, and on the slopes Preserved_Specimen Bianchi, F.A. Oahu BISH
31 Nicotiana glauca Puu Pane Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH
32 Nicotiana glauca Kainopas Bay? Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Kahoolawe BISH
33 Nicotiana glauca Ahihi-Kinau Natural Area Reserve, Ahihi Bay at the N end of the reserve Pockets of vegetation near the seashore amongst a'a lava about 200 years old. Roadside weed. Preserved_Specimen Abbott, I.A. 91.32 Maui BISH 1991-03-05
34 Nicotiana glauca Sand Island with Pluchea, Cloris, Passiflora foetida, and Heliotropium curassavicum on arid, rocky roadside embankment. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 524 Oahu BISH 1967-08-10
35 Nicotiana glauca Keomuku, near with other exotics along arid coast Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 28589 Lanai BISH 1963-07-31
36 Nicotiana glauca Waikiki, Honolulu dry coral plain Preserved_Specimen Baker, R.J. 256 Oahu BISH 1932-07-20
37 Nicotiana glauca First cove west of Pu'u Koa'e. Small sand beach and a brackish pond at the base of a dry waterfall. Small sand beach and a brackish pond at the base of a dry waterfall; other plants included Prosopis, Xanthium, Merremia, Dactyloctenium, Chenopodium album, and Heteropogon contortus Preserved_Specimen Clarke, G. 392 Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-22
38 Nicotiana glauca Honolulu, Waikiki Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 2553 Oahu BISH 1909-04-01
39 Nicotiana glauca Puhielelu Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 133 Lanai BISH 1913-11-18
40 Nicotiana glauca Puu Pane, Keekeehia, Ulupakua, Moo Muku Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. 91 Maui BISH 1955-12-22
41 Nicotiana glauca Kahoolawe Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Kahoolawe BISH 1913-02-10
42 Nicotiana glauca Molokini Islet Preserved_Specimen Richardson, F. Maui BISH 1954-05-01
43 Nicotiana glauca Ala Wai, Waikiki Preserved_Specimen Forbes, A. Oahu BISH 1930-08-06
44 Nicotiana glauca Diamond Head Beach Preserved_Specimen Bryan, W.A. Oahu BISH 1903-12-06
45 Nicotiana glauca Ahihi-Kinau Natural Area Reserve, Ahihi Bay at the N end of the reserve Pockets of vegetation near the seashore amongst a'a lava about 200 years old. Roadside weed. Preserved_Specimen Abbott, I.A. 91.32 Maui BISH 1991-03-05
46 Nicotiana glauca Barbers Point, west of Brewer Chemical Plant beach sand. Beach morning glory, Pluchea, Batis, Myoporum and various grasses growing in the area Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. 503 Oahu BISH 1990-05-01
47 Nicotiana glauca Waipahu Cultural Gardens, 94-695 Waipahu St full sun Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 2106 Oahu BISH 1986-03-10
48 Nicotiana glauca Molokini Islet Common. Scattered over islet. Most abundant on SE tip, Pahee o Lono where it dominates. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 6040515 Maui BISH 2006-04-05
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